Database Descriptions
INDSTAT Revision 4
The UNIDO Industrial Statistics (INDSTAT) Revision 4 Database contains disaggregated data on industrial sectors worldwide. It offers a unique possibility for in-depth structural analysis of economies over time. Data comparability over time and across countries has been the main priority when developing and updating this database. The database is organized according to the International Standard Industrial Classification of All Economic Activities (ISIC) Revision 4.
INDSTAT Revision 4 covers the four industrial sectors: mining and quarrying (ISIC Rev. 4 Section B); manufacturing (ISIC Rev. 4 Section C); electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning supply (ISIC Rev. 4 Section D); and water supply, sewerage, waste management and remediation activities (ISIC Rev. 4 Section E). It contains the following main indicators of industrial statistics:
- Output
- Value added
- Wages and salaries
- Number of employees
- Number of female employees
- Number of establishments
- Gross fixed capital formation
- Index of industrial production (base year 2015)
INDSTAT Revision 4 is a database of official statistics, containing data that UNIDO collects directly from national and regional statistical offices, as well as other official sources. In support of the statistical data, relevant metadata are also collected from national data suppliers. An earlier generation of this database presented separate data for the manufacturing sector and the combined mining and utilities sector (previously called MINSTAT). Data for the manufacturing sector at the 2-digit level of the ISIC Rev. 4 (previously called INDSTAT2) and at the 4-digit level (previously called INDSTAT4) were also shown separately. In an effort to improve usability and increase coverage, all these databases were integrated into the current version of INDSTAT Revision 4.
All monetary values are presented in current prices, in both national currency and United States dollars. The latter are converted using period-average exchange rates obtained from the International Monetary Fund and other sources. The database also includes indices of industrial production, showing the real growth of production over time, presented as indices with base year 2015.
INDSTAT Revision 4 currently includes annual data from 2005 to 2020 for about 110 economies. However, coverage in terms of years and indicators may vary depending on country-specific data availability. The database is updated annually.
INDSTAT Revision 3
The UNIDO Industrial Statistics (INDSTAT) Revision 3 Database contains disaggregated data on industrial sectors worldwide. It is the largest industrial statistics database of its kind, offering a unique possibility for in-depth structural analysis of economies over time. Data comparability over time and across countries has been the main priority when developing and updating this database. The database is organized according to the International Standard Industrial Classification of All Economic Activities (ISIC) Revision 3. In order to extend time series and allow an analysis of long-term structural trends, information available in other ISIC revisions are converted to ISIC Revision 3 using appropriate correspondence tables.
INDSTAT Revision 3 covers the three industrial sectors according to ISIC Revision 3: mining and quarrying (ISIC Rev. 3 Section C); manufacturing (ISIC Rev. 3 Section D); and electricity, gas and water supply (ISIC Rev. 3 Section E). It contains the following main indicators of industrial statistics:
- Output
- Value added
- Wages and salaries
- Number of employees
- Number of female employees
- Number of establishments
- Gross fixed capital formation
- Index of industrial production (base year 2015)
INDSTAT Revision 3 is a database of official statistics, containing data that UNIDO collects directly from national and regional statistical offices, as well as other official sources. In support of the statistical data, relevant metadata are also collected from national data suppliers. An earlier generation of this database presented separate data for the manufacturing sector and the combined mining and utilities sector (previously called MINSTAT). In an effort to improve usability and increase coverage, these databases were integrated into the current version of INDSTAT Revision 3.
All monetary values are presented in current prices, in both national currency and United States dollars. The latter are converted using period-average exchange rates obtained from the International Monetary Fund and other sources. The database also includes indices of industrial production, showing the real growth of production over time, presented as indices with base year 2015.
INDSTAT Revision 3 currently includes annual data from 1963 to 2021 for more than 170 economies. However, coverage in terms of years and indicators may vary depending on country-specific data availability. To increase timeliness, data for the most recent years may be estimated by UNIDO, in case the official figures are not yet reported. The database is updated annually, although estimates may be revised more regularly.
IDSB Revision 4
The UNIDO Industrial Demand-Supply Balance Database (ISDB) Revision 4 contains highly detailed data on the manufacturing sector linking production and trade variables. The data are derived from output data as reported in INDSTAT Revision 4 together with UNIDO estimates for ISIC-based international trade data, sourced from the United Nations Commodity Trade Database (Comtrade). The data are arranged at the 4-digit level of the International Standard Industrial Classification of All Economic Activities (ISIC) Revision 4 pertaining to the manufacturing sector.
IDSB Revision 4 contains time series data for four variables:
- Domestic output
- Total imports
- Total exports
- Apparent consumption (= output + imports - exports)
The database currently includes annual data from 2005 to 2020 for about 110 economies. However, coverage in terms of years and indicators may vary depending on country-specific data availability. The database is updated annually.
IDSB Revision 3
The UNIDO Industrial Demand-Supply Balance Database (ISDB) Revision 3 contains highly detailed data on the manufacturing sector linking production and trade variables. The data are derived from output data as reported in INDSTAT Revision 3 together with UNIDO estimates for ISIC-based international trade data, sourced from the United Nations Commodity Trade Database (Comtrade). The data are arranged at the 4-digit level of the International Standard Industrial Classification of All Economic Activities (ISIC) Revision 3 pertaining to the manufacturing sector.
IDSB Revision 3 contains time series data for four variables:
- Domestic output
- Total imports
- Total exports
- Apparent consumption (= output + imports - exports)
The database currently includes annual data from 1990 to 2020 for about 130 economies. However, coverage in terms of years and indicators may vary depending on country-specific data availability. The database is updated annually.
National Accounts Database
The UNIDO National Accounts Database contains aggregate data at the country, region and group level for national accounts indicators related to industrial economic activity. The database provides a historical time series, starting with 1990 until the most recent year available, in current and constant US dollars (USD). The data are collected primarily from the United Nations Statistics Division and the United Nations Population Division; other national sources are used when appropriate.
The variables available include:
- GDP (Gross Domestic Product) in current USD and constant 2015 USD
- IVA (Industry Value Added) in current USD and constant 2015 USD
- MVA (Manufacturing Value Added) in current USD and constant 2015 USD
- Population
It is worth noting the difference between MVA and IVA. Whereas MVA refers to the value added of the manufacturing sector only (corresponding to ISIC Rev. 4 section C), IVA is a broader concept comprising the value added of the mining and quarrying, manufacturing, and utilities sectors (corresponding to ISIC Rev. 4 sections B, C, D and E). Value added refers to the total estimate of net output, obtained by subtracting intermediate consumption from output.
The data in constant prices for the most recent year are estimated through a model developed by UNIDO statisticians to improve the timeliness of the data. The database is updated annually, although estimates may be revised more regularly.
The National Accounts Database currently includes annual data from 1990 to 2022 for more than 210 economies. However, coverage in terms of years and indicators may vary depending on country-specific data availability.
Manufacturing Trade Database
The UNIDO Manufacturing Trade Database contains aggregate data at the country, region and group level for variables related to the trade of manufactured goods. The database provides historical time series in current US dollars (USD). The data are collected primarily from the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD); other sources of official data may be used when appropriate.
The variables available are:
- Total exports and imports of goods in current USD
- Exports and imports of manufactured goods in current USD
- Exports and imports of medium- and high-technology manufactured goods in current USD
Goods classified as manufactured goods and medium- and high-technology manufactured goods can be found in Annex E of the latest edition of the UNIDO International Yearbook of Industrial Statistics.
The Manufacturing Trade Database is updated annually, although it may be revised more regularly. It currently includes annual data from 1995 to 2022 for about 210 economies. However, coverage in terms of years and indicators may vary depending on country-specific data availability.
QIIP Database
The Quarterly Indices of Industrial Production (QIIP) Database measures short-term trends in industrial production in real terms, free from price fluctuations. This database is built from observed index numbers of industrial production collected by UNIDO from national and regional statistical offices, as well as other official sources. The figures are published based on seasonally-adjusted index numbers. In case of missing seasonally-adjusted data, UNIDO conducts seasonal adjustment using the TRAMO/SEATS method in the JDemetra+ software. The purpose of seasonal adjustment is to filter out any seasonal and calendar effects.
Users should take note that while annual industrial growth rates generally refer to changes in manufacturing value added (MVA), i.e. output net of intermediate consumption, the quarterly indices reflect the growth of gross output. Given the temporal nature of estimates, output growth provides the best approximation of value added growth, assuming that the input-output relationship is relatively stable during the observation period.
The database contains information on industries at the 2-digit level of the International Standard for Industrial Classification of All Economic Activities (ISIC) Revision 4. For countries that produce index numbers based on ISIC Revision 3, figures are converted to the 2-digit level of ISIC Revision 4 using correspondence tables. In case of missing data, UNIDO conducts imputations or projections, where appropriate. These estimates are replaced as soon as the official values are reported in national statistical publications. All index numbers have 2015 as base year.
Further information on the methodology of index numbers and estimation procedure can be found in a methodological document. Every quarter, UNIDO publishes a report on World Manufacturing Production based on the QIIP Database.
The database currently includes quarterly data from 2005 to 2023 for more than 110 economies. However, coverage for a specific period may vary depending on country-specific data availability. The database is updated on a quarterly basis.
MIIP Database
The Monthly Indices of Industrial Production (MIIP) Database measures trends in industrial production in real terms, free from price fluctuations. The database is built from observed index numbers of industrial production collected by UNIDO from national and regional statistical offices, as well as other official sources. The figures are published based on seasonally-adjusted index numbers. In case of missing seasonally-adjusted data, UNIDO conducts seasonal adjustment using the TRAMO/SEATS method in the JDemetra+ software. The purpose of seasonal adjustment is to filter out any seasonal and calendar effects.
Users should take note that while annual industrial growth rates generally refer to changes in manufacturing value added (MVA), i.e., output net of intermediate consumption, the monthly indices reflect the growth of gross output. Given the temporal nature of estimates, output growth provides the best approximation of value added growth, assuming that the input-output relationship is relatively stable during the observation period.
The database contains information on industries at the 2-digit level of the International Standard for Industrial Classification of All Economic Activities (ISIC) Revision 4. For countries that produce index numbers based on ISIC Revision 3, figures are converted to the 2-digit level of ISIC Revision 4 using correspondence tables. In case of missing data, UNIDO conducts imputations or projections, where appropriate. These estimates are replaced as soon as the official values are reported in national statistical publications. All index numbers have 2015 as base year.
Further information on the methodology of index numbers and estimation procedure can be found in a methodological document. Every month, UNIDO publishes an infographic on World Manufacturing Production based on the MIIP Database.
The database currently includes monthly data from 2005 to 2023 for about 80 economies. However, coverage for a specific period may vary depending on country-specific data availability. The database is updated on a monthly basis.
SDG 9 Database
Following the adoption of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, the global indicator framework for SDGs was developed by the UN Statistical Commission through its Inter-agency and Expert Group on SDG Indicators (IAEG-SDGs). This was adopted by the UN General Assembly in July 2017. One of the 17 global Goals, SDG 9 is composed of eight targets and twelve indicators aiming at building resilient infrastructure, promoting inclusive and sustainable industrialization and fostering innovation. UNIDO is a custodian agency of six industry-related SDG indicators under Goal 9:
- 9.2.1 - Manufacturing value added as a proportion of GDP and per capita
- 9.2.2 - Manufacturing employment as a proportion of total employment
- 9.3.1 - Proportion of small-scale industries in total industry value added
- 9.3.2 - Proportion of small-scale industries with a loan or line of credit
- 9.4.1 - CO2 emission per unit of value added
- 9.b.1 - Proportion of medium and high-tech industry value added in total value added
The UNIDO SDG 9 Database includes the most recent information on these indicators. It is sourced from official statistics collected by UNIDO and other custodian agencies from national and regional statistical offices, as well as other official sources. Furthermore, it is aligned with the Global SDG Database and the latest version of the SDG indicators metadata.
In addition, it includes tools developed by UNIDO for monitoring the progress towards the industry-related targets of SDG 9. These include an overall composite index, the SDG 9 Industry Index, as well as a progress metric and an outlook assessment. They have the objective of identifying lagging cases and thus support economies in their successful implementation of ISID. More information about these tools, as well as latest trends in SDG 9 indicators can be found in the latest edition of UNIDO SDG 9 Biennial Progress Report.
This database currently includes annual data from 2000 to 2020 for more than 210 economies. However, coverage in terms of years and indicators may vary depending on country-specific data availability. The database is updated annually.
CIP Index Database
The Competitive Industrial Performance (CIP) Index is a composite indicator that measures countries' capacity to increase their presence in international and domestic markets, while developing industrial sectors and activities with higher value added and higher technological level. UNIDO has benchmarked countries' industrial competitiveness using the CIP Index since 2013.
The CIP Index is constructed by combining eight variables across three dimensions:
- Capacity to produce and export manufactured goods. This dimension captures a country's ability to increase the presence of its manufactured goods in international and domestic markets. It covers comparable measures of the country's manufacturing production and exports, namely manufacturing value added (MVA) and manufacturing exports in per capita terms.
- Technological deepening and upgrading. The second dimension measures the technological complexity of manufacturing processes in a country by using two composite sub-indices. First, the degree of industrialization intensity that estimates the complexity of production processes. This indicator consists of the share of MVA originating from medium-high and high-technology industries and the share of MVA in GDP. Second, export quality, another composite indicator that measures the global integration of the country's manufacturing sector. This indicator is estimated based on the share of medium-high and high-technology manufacturing exports in total manufacturing exports, and the share of manufacturing exports in total exports.
- World impact. The third dimension serves as a proxy of economies of agglomeration, scope, and scale present in a country's manufacturing sector. It captures the world impact based on two indicators: the country's share in world MVA and in world trade of manufactured goods.
All variables are first standardized to a [0, 1] interval. Scores for each dimension are obtained by calculating the geometric mean of the underlying variables. Finally, the overall CIP score is calculated as the geometric mean of the scores for the three dimensions. The higher the score in any of the variables, the higher the country's industrial competitiveness and its rank in the overall CIP Index. The detailed conceptual framework and methodology of the index are described in a recent report.
This database currently includes annual data from 2000 to 2020 for 154 economies. The database is updated annually. In addition to the overall score and global rank in the CIP Index, the database includes the eight underlying variables, both in original form and as indices after standardization.